Oncology and Pathology

 Breast cancers can be divided into two main overarching groups: the carcinomas and  sarcomas. Carcinomas are cancers that arise from the epithelial component of the breast. This  epithelial component consists of the cells that line the lobules and terminal ducts; under normal conditions, these epithelial cells are responsible for making milk. Carcinomas are majority of all breast cancers, Sarcomas are rare cancers that causes from the connective tissue components of the breast. These connective tissue component cells include myofibroblasts and blood vessel cells, and cancers arising from these "supportive" cells include phyllodes tumours and angiosarcoma. Sarcomas account for less than 1% of primary breast cancers.                                                                               

 Pulmonary pathology is the subspecialty of surgical pathology which deals with the diagnosis and characterization of neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases of the lungs and thoracic pleura.  Every breath that a human takes brings the outside world into the body in the form of infectious agents, organic and inorganic particles, and noxious agents of all types.  Pulmonary pathology is associated with primary biliary cirrhosis includes lymphocytic bronchitis and bronchiolitis, the diagnosis of inflammatory or fibrotic diseases of the lungs is considered by many pathologists to be particularly challenging.

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 Surgical pathology : Is the study of tissues removed from living patients during surgery to help diagnose a disease and determine a treatment plan. Often, the surgical pathologist provides consultation services in a wide variety of organ systems and medical subspecialties. Surgical pathologists give symptomatic data conclusions. Case in point, when performing breast cancer surgery, a surgical pathologist's examination of tissues separated during the surgery can help the specialist to figure out the evacuate lymph nodes under the arm, also. Surgical pathology incorporates both the physical examination of the tissue with the bare eye, and inspecting handled tissue under a magnifying instrument.

 Pathology : It includes investigating oral growths, injuries in the mouth to identify the sicknesses of the mouth, jaws, and related structures like facial muscles, salivary organ, temporomandibular joints, and perioral skin (the skin around the mouth). Dental X-rays provides some non-invasive and painless methods for identifying cavities in teeth. The world Dental Market is supposed to cross US$ 60 Billion by the year 2024.

 Pathology The Bone and Soft Tissue Pathology Unit of the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology deals with neoplasms and other pathological conditions that affect the skeletal system and many non-epithelial extra skeletal tissues, such as fibrous and adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, vessels, and peripheral nerves. Bone Pathology is one of the sub specialties of surgical pathology which manages the portrayal and conclusion of diagnosis of neoplastic the diagnostic process includes but is not limited to the study of the macroscopic and microscopic features of a specimen; in select cases, the diagnosis is validated by special techniques such as immunohistochemistry, cytogenetics, and molecular patholog.

 Cytopathology is a branch which deals with the study of individual cells from different sites of the body fluid to know the nature of the disease. The first cytopathology test is been conducted to the diagnose cervical cancer. Another important stream in the area of Surgical Pathology other than histopathology is Cytopathology

 Oncopathology and cancer pathology is a Branch of science which deals with the study of unusual, developing and multiplying portion of the body that are termed to be tumors is Oncopathology. Basically, it is the branch of science dealing with Cancer. It helps in studying malignant and non-malignant tumors, metastasis, tumorigenesis, and carcinogenesis

The Clinical Pathology is a medical specialty  is concerned with the diagnosis of disease in laboratory analysis in body liquids, for example; blood, pee, and tissue homogenates or concentrates utilizing the devices of science, microbiology, hematology  and sub-atomic pathology. This process requires a medicinal residency. Clinical pathologists work in close with clinical researchers such as clinical organic chemists, clinical microbiologists, therapeutic technologists, healing centers, and alluding doctors to guarantee the exactness and ideal usage of lab testing.

 Pulmonary pathology includes a large spectrum of both neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases that affect the lung. Many of these are a result of the unusual relationship of the lung with the outside world. Every breath that a human takes brings the outside world into the body in the form of infectious agents, organic and inorganic particles, and noxious agents of all types. Pulmonary pathology reported in association with primary biliary cirrhosis includes lymphocytic bronchitis and bronchiolitis, OP, and chronic interstitial pneumonia, including LIP. Rare reports have also appeared describing pulmonary hemorrhage and glomerulonephritis, or microscopic polyangiitis, in individuals with primary biliary cirrhosis.

 Chemotherapy is the most common cancer treatment Chemo uses drugs called cytotoxics to kill or slow the growth of cancer cells.  Typically, cells develop gap to create more cells just when the body needs them.  Sometimes cells continue separating when new cells are not required. These additional cells may shape a mass of tissue, called a growth or tumor a tumor might be generous-harmful or carcinogenic. Unlike normal cells, cancerous cells multiply with no control. They don't self-destruct or die when they get to be exhausted harmed. Cancer cells swarm out solid cells and keep them from doing their occupations.

 Immunotherapy is a type of cancer treatment that helps your immune system fight cancer. The immune system helps your body fight infections and other diseases. It is made up of white blood cells and organs and tissues of the lymph system.Immunotherapy is a type of biological therapy. Biological therapy is a type of treatment that uses substances made from living organisms to treat cancer

 Radiation therapy is commonly applied to the cancerous tumor because of its ability to control cell growth. Ionizing radiation works by damaging the DNA of cancerous tissue leading to cellular death. To spare normal tissues generally as part of cancer treatment to control or kill malignant cells and normally delivered by a linear accelerator. Radiation therapy may be curative in a number of types of cancer if they are localized to one area of the body. It may also be used as part of adjuvant therapy, to prevent tumor recurrence after surgery to remove a primary malignant tumor (for example, early stages of breast cancer). Radiation therapy is synergistic with chemotherapy, and has been used before, during, and after chemotherapy in susceptible cancers. The subspecialty of oncology concerned with radiotherapy is called radiation oncology

 Hormone therapy: Treatment of disease or symptoms with synthetic or naturally derived hormones. The term is most commonly used to describe use of medications containing both oestrogen and progestogen to reduce or stop short-term changes associated with the perimenopause. In the more general sense, hormone therapy may be used to treat some forms of cancer, taking advantage of the fact that certain cancers depend on hormones to grow. It may also be used for thyroid disorders, and illnesses associated with hormone production or use. Hormone therapy may include giving hormones to the patient or using medications that decrease the level of hormones in the body.

 There are so many types of cancer treatments. This type of cancer treatment that you will depend on the type of cancer you have. Some people with cancer will have only one treatment. But most people have combination treatments, such as surgery with chemotherapy and radiation therapy may also have immunotherapy, hormonotherapy

  Biopsy and Cytological TestsThe Cytological tests your blood, tissues is tested for cancer cells, proteins, the tests done are Complete Blood Count, Tumor Marker Tests, and Blood Protein Testing etc.

There are so many types of cancer treatments. This type of cancer treatment that you will depend on the type of cancer you have. Some people with cancer will have only one treatment. But most people have combination treatments, such as surgery with chemotherapy and radiation therapy may also have immunotherapy, hormonotherapy